Steam boiler



w "messes June 21, 1932. A |PETZ 1,864,310

' STEAM BOILER Filed May 2, 1928 5 Sheets-She'et 1 FIG.I

June 21, 1932. A Ll-PETZ 1,864,310

- STEAM BOILER I Filed May 2, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented June 21,1932 UNITED STATES PATENT STEAM IBOILER' Application filed May 2,

This invention relates generally to steam boilers of the locomotivetype, and particularly to those of such type as are designed foroperation under comparatively high pressures of steam, and wherein theexhaust gases are utilized for heating the feed water for the boiler, asexemplified in an application filed by me on April 21, 1928, Serial No.271,666.

The object of the present invention is to provide a steam generator foruse in a locomotive boiler, of a construction especially suitable forcertain conditions of service, and for certain kinds of fuel.

The improvement claimed is hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinalsection through a locomotive boiler, illustrating an embodiment of theinvention; Fig. 2, a half rear view, in elevation, thereof; Fig. 3, ahalf ver-. tical transverse section, on the line a a of Fig. 1; Fig. 4,a front view, in elevation; Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8, vertical transversehalf sections on the lines 6 b, 0 0, cl d, e 6, respectively, of Fig. 1,viewed in the directions of the arrows, Figs.'2 to 8 inclusive being onan enlarged scale; and, Fig. 9, a partial side view, in elevation. v

In the practice of the invention, referring descriptively to the,specific embodiment thereof which is herein exemplified, the essentialelements of a locomotive boiler in accordance therewith, comprise a firechamber, indicated as a unit, by the reference symbol, A; a heatingchamber for the gases coming from the fire chamber, indicated by B; aneconomizer for heating the feed water for the boiler by means of thegases coming from I the heating chamber, indicated by C; and to a highpressure steam generator, disposed in the fire chamber and heatingchamber, indicated by D. The detailed description of the essentialelements above stated, which follows, is made with notice that they maybe varied as to structural detail, in the discretion of a constructorskilled in the art, without departure from the spirit and operativeprinciple of the invention. It should beremarked atthe outset that, in

the embodiment herein set forth, the various 1928. Serial no. 274,426.

features and mode of operation are, in the main, similar to those of thebefore mentioned application Ser. No. 271,666, and therefore, referencemaybemade thereto for a more detailed description of the variousfeatures and mode of operation.

The main features of difference between the present application and thathearing Serial'No. 271,666, relate'to the constructionof the firechamber, A, the heating chamber, B, and the steam generator disposed inthese chambers.

In the embodiment shown in the present application, the fire chamber, A,comprises the side and top enclosing walls, '1, the rear wall, 2, whichserves as a rear header for the generator, as will presently appear, thefront wall, 3, which serves a double purpose, as will presently appearand a grate, 4:, the rear wall, 2, being provided with an opening, 2a,for 7 firing the boiler. I

The heating chamber, B, for receiving the gases coming from the firechamber, is formed by acontinuationof the side and top walls, 7,, 1, ofthe chamber, A, the wall, 3, which'is common to both chambers, the frontwall, 5, which is a header for the forward'end ofthe generator, and therear wall, 6, of the economizer, which will later be described,-an d thefloor,'1a, Q .86

The economizer, G, is constructed somewhat similarly to the waist of theconven tional locomotive type of boiler, and comprises the end sheets, 6and 7, a shell, 8, and the tubes or flues, 9, adapted for the passagethrough them oft-he gases dischargedfrom the heating chamber. V

The high pressure steam generator, D, varies from a structuralstandpoint, from that shown in theapplication Ser. No. 271,666. so Inthe present construction two upper drums, 10. 10, are provided, disposedat the top, and adjacent to the sides of the fire chamber,and connectedat their rear ends to the header, 2. These drums extend through the twochambers and are connected, at their forward ends, with the header, 5.Likewise; two lower drums, 11, 11, are provided at the-bottom'of thefire chamber near thesides, with their rear ends connected to theheader, 2? These 1 drums extend through the two chambers, and have theirforward ends connected with the header, 5.

A series of water tubes, 12, is provided in the fire chamber, on eachside thereof, said tubes being connected, at their opposite end to therespective pairs of upper and lower drums, one pair of drums, and theconnected series of tubes, being clearly shown in Fig. 3. These watertubes are disposed well out at the sides of the chamber, providing alarge central portion of the chamber unobstructed by the tubes for thecombustion of the fuel; In this space an arch. E. is shown. This arch issecured to the header. 2, at its rear'end. and is supported at its frontend by the wall. 3, which is constructed of bricks. 13. and hollowcasting. 14. The arch may be ofany well known or preferred construction.and a further detailed description is. therefore. not consideredessential. It divides the fire ch amber into upper and lower parts. Thiseffects a directing of the hot gases in such away that they mostefi'ectively envelope the water tubes. 12.

()ther series of water tubes. 15. are disposed in the heat ng chamber,connected. at their opposite ends. to the res ective pairs of up er andlower drums. two rows of such tubes bein: clearly shown in Fin. 5. butany number may be em lo ed that ma be desired. The construct on of thesteam generator. in so far as it a es to the portion thereof that isontine to the he t ng chamber. is ouite d ferent from t at d sc osed inthe application Ser. No. 2 1.666. In the resent instance. there are twolower drums isposed in th corners. inst ad of one centrall dis oseddrum. and the four drums in this chamber are continuations of the fourdrums in the tire chamber, thereb obviat ng the necess ty for theintermediate header. Also, the heating chamber is not contracted.

Superheaters of anv des red type may be a plied. and disposed in theboiler at any of the usual points. In the present instance. asuperheater. F, is provided in thesmolre box. 16. with its unitsdisposed in certain of the fines. 9. which are enlarged to accommodatethem in the usual manner. Connections. 17. serve to connect the drums.10. withthe throttle (not shown) andthe superheater.

The water from the economizer. which usually will be at a comparativelylow pressure. is forced into the high pressure steam generator by meansof one or more pumps. In the present embodiment, a pump, 18. isemployed, which is in communication with the economizer, through aconduit, 19, and

with the steam generator, through a conduit,

While it is desirable that little or no evaporation shall take place inthe economizer, provision is. however, made to take care of therelatively small amount of steam that may be generated. To this end, adrum, 21, is connected to the economizer, by means of members, 22,adapting it to receive the steam that may be generated, and a conduit,23, conveys the steam to the cab turret, 24, of the locomotive, to beused in auxiliaries, or otherwise, as may be desired.

The flues, 9, of the economizer, which are open at both their ends,comunicate at one of their ends with the heating chamber, B,

through the opening, 5a, of the header, 5, and

with the smoke box at their opposite ends. The fines, in effect,lengthen the heating chamber between the fire chamber, A, and the smokebox, thereby affording a better opportunity. for absorbing the heat ofthe discharged gases, before they reach the chimney; The economizer ispreferably maintained at a comparatively low pressure, say between onehundred and two hundred pounds, while the high pressure generator maybe; say, between four hundred and five hundred pounds. as anillustration. It is highly desirable that the economizer be maintainedat as close a temperature to the saturation. tem erature as possible.with minimum evaporation of the water therein.

To accomplish this, seyeral factors must be considered. Careful.consideration must be given to the relative proportioning of thegenerator and economizer. to insure the proper division of heat betweenthem. The economizer must. also. be properly positioned relatively tothe tire chamber. for if it is too near. there will be excessiveevaporation. That is to sav. the heating chamber, B. should be ofsuflicient relativesize to prevent excessive eva oration of the water inthe economiver. wh e insuring the desired high temerature. By a properconsideration of these features. the water in the economizer may beraised from a certa n temperature to approximately the saturationtemperature, at moderate pressure. and the water in the generator raisedfrom this temperature to the saturation temperature, at high pressure.and complete evaporation of all the water thereby effected. V

The attainment of the above conditions may be. at times. more or lessdisturbed by outside factors entering in. or otherwise. as, forinstance. by varying the fire ratings. The present inventioncontemplates the provision of means for'correcting this. to a greater orless extent. and is intended to cover this feature broadly. as there arevarious ways of accomplishing it. For instance. it may be accomplishedby varying the pressure in the economizer, between: reasonable limits,say.

one hundred and two hundred pounds; or by =1:

water heater, thusafi'ecting the temperature of the water entering theeconomizer from the feed water heater. The variation in the amount ofexhaust steam fed may be affected manually, or automatically, by usingthermostatic or pressure control, to throttle the exhaust steam inlet tothe feed water heater.

In the present construction, to better insure the desired hightemperature and minimum evaporation of the water in the economizer, athermostat is employed. To this end, a feed water heater, 25, isprovided, communicating I with the exhaust passage of the cylinder, 26,

through a conduit, 27 to receive the steam therefrom, and alsocommunicating with thewater tank (not shown), in the usual manner. Thefeed water heater is further connected with the economizer, by aconduit, 28, whereby the heated water from the heater is fed thereto.The conduit, 27, is provided with a control valve, 29, which is suitablyconnected to a thermostat, 30, to be operated thereby in a well knownmanner. The thermostat is connected to the economizer in a well knownmanner, whereby it will automatically respond to the change in thetemperature of the water in the economizer.

While a direct temperature control has been described by way ofillustration, it will be understood that, if desired, the temperaturemay be controlled by indirect means. For instance, the'temperature maybe indirectly controlled by the control of the pressure, any suitable orwell known device being employed for this purpose. By thus maintainingthe pressure control, the temperature will also be controlled.

It will be seen from the foregoing description that the temperature inthe economizer may be kept substantially constant, by insuring a properdivision of heat between the generator and economizer.

The boiler, as thus described, provides for a very intensive evaporationdue to the large direct heating surface, which is enhanced by feedingthe generator under pressure by means of a pump. This secures a veryhigh capacity in a limited space. Moreover, the scale precipitationtakes place in theeconomizer, and practically no scale is formed in thegenerator, thus eliminating the difiicult operation of cleaning theinside of the water tubes.

It will be understood, however, that, if desired, an additional scaleprecipitating device, of suit-able or well known construction, may beinstalled, in the usual manner. Fur: thermore, the drums of thegenerator may be provided with the usual plug openings, or man-holes, tofacilitate the cleaning of the water tubes of the generator, in theusualmanner, when found desirable.

The invention claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patentis:

1. A locomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamberforward of the having upper drums and lower drums disposed at theopposite sides of. the said chambers, and tubes connecting said drums,said drums .providing steam and water chambers, and of sufficient lengthto extend uninterruptedly throughout the entire length of the twomembers, said tubes being arranged in rows extending from end to end ofsaid drums; a transverse'wall disposed between the fire chamberand theheating chamber extending upwardly from the bottom of the same; meansfor introducing feed water to the steam generator; and afire tube.barrel section in advance of the heating chamber for heating said feedwater.

2. A locomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamberforward of the fire chamber; a high pressure water tubular steamgenerator disposed in said chambers, having upper drums and lower drumsdisposed at the opposite sides of the said chambers, and tubesconnecting said drums, said drums providing steam and water chambers,and of suflicient length to extend uninterruptedly throughout the entirelength of the two chambers, said tubes being arranged in rows extendingfrom end to, end of said drums; a transverse wall. disposed between thefire chamber and the heating chamber extending upwardly from the bottom'of the same; means for introducing feed water to the steam generator;and a fire tube barrel section in advance of said heating chamberproviding an economizer for heating said feed water. Av locomotiveboiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamber forward of the firechamber; a high pressure water tubular steam generator disposed in saidchambers, havingupper drums and lower drums disposed at the oppositesides of the said chambers, and tubes connecting said ,Idrums, saiddrums providing steam andwater chambers, and of sufficient length toextend uninterruptedly throughout the entire length of the two chambers,said tubes being arranged in rows extending from endto end of saiddrums; a transverse wall disposed between the fire chamber and theheating chamber extending upwardly from the bottom ofthe same; means forintroducing feed Water, to the steam generator; a fire. tube barrel section in advance of the heating chamber providing an economizerfor-heating said feed water; and a pump disposed between said barrelsection and said generator.

4. Alocomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamberforward of the fire ohamber;-a high pressure water tubular steamgenerator disposed in said chambers,

having'two sets of upper and lower drums said drums roviding steam andwater chamhers, and of sufficient length to extend uninterruptedlythroughout the entire length of the two chambers, said tubes beingarranged in rows extending from end to end of said drums; a transversewall disposed between the fire chamber and the heating chamber extendingupwardly from the bottom of the same; means for introducing feed waterat the forward end of the steam generator; and

a fire tube barrel section in advance of the heating chamber for heatingsaid feed water. v

5. A locomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamberforward of the fire chamber; a steam generator disposed in saidchambers, having upper and lower drums extending in uninterruptedcontinuity throughout the entire length of the two chambers, series ofwater tubes connecting the upper and lower drums, and a front headerconnecting the upper and lower drums and open to the interior of saidheating chamber between the drums; a transverse wall disposed betweenthe fire chamber, and the heating chamber extending upwardly from thebottom of the same; means for introducing feed Water at the front end ofthe steam generator; and a fire tube barrel section in advance of theheating chamber for heating said feed Water.

6. A locomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamberforward of the fire chamber; two upper and twolower drums disposed insaid chamber, extending along the sides thereof in uninterruptedcontinuity throughout the entire length of said chamhers; series ofwater tubes in said chambers connecting the upper drums with theirrespective lower drums beneath them, said series extending from end toend of said drums; a transverse wall disposed between the fire chamberand the heating chamber extending upwardly from the bottom of'the same;a front header connecting the upper and lower drums and open to theinterior of the heating chamber between the drums means for introducingfeed water to said header; and a fire tube barrel section in advance ofthe heating chamber for heating said feed water. 7

7. A locomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a header at the rearend thereof; a heating chamber forward of the fire chamher; a header atthe forward end thereof; a transverse wall disposed between the firechamber and the heating chamber extending upwardly from the bottom ofthe same; upper and lower drums disposed in said chambers extending inuninterrupted continuity throughout the entire length of said chambers,and connected at their ends to said headers; series of water tubes insaid chambers, connected to the drums, said series extending from endtoend of said drums, said front header connected to the upper and lowerdrums and open to the interior of said heating chamber between thedrums; means for introducing feed water to the front header; and a firetube barrel section in advance of the heating chamber for heating saidfeed water.

8. A locomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamberdisposed forwardly of the fire chamber; a steam generator disposed insaid chambers, having a plurality of lower water drums, a plurality ofupper drums for the collection of steam, said drums extending inuninterrupted continuitythroughout the entire length of said firechamber and said heating chamber, a plurality of tubes connecting thesteam and Water drums, a header at the forward end of said heatingchamber communicating with the upper and lower drums, a header at therear end of the fire chamber communicating with the upper and lowerdrums, and arch tubes placing the heating chamber header incommunication with the fire chamber header; a transverse wall disposedbetween the fire chamber and the heating chamber extending upwardlytherefrom and supporting said arch tubes; means for introducing feedwater to the front header; and a fire tube barrel section in advance ofthe heating chamber for heating said feed water.

9. A locomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamberdisposed forwardly of the fire chamber; a steam generator disposed insaid chambers, having a plurality of lower water drums, a plurality ofupper drums for the collection of steam, said drums extending inuninterrupted continuity throughout the entire length of said firechamber and said heating chamber, a plu rality of tubes econnecting thesteam and water drums, a header at the forward end of said heatingchamber communicatingiwith the upper and lower drums, a header at therear end of the fire chamber communicating with the upper and lowerdrums, arch tubes placing the heating chamber header in communicationwith the fire chamber header, and

an arch over said arch tubes within said fire chamber dividing saidchamber into upper and lower parts; a transverse wall disposed betweenthe fire chamber and the heating chamber extending upwardly therefromand supporting said arch and arch tubes; means for introducing feedwater to the front header; and a fire tube barrel section in advance ofthe heating chamber for heating said feed water.

10. A locomotive boilercomprising a fir chamber; a heating chamberdisposed forwardly of the fire'chamber; a steam generator disposed insaid chambers, having a plurality of lower water drums, a pluralityofupper drums for the collection of steam, said drums extending inuninterrupted continuity throughout the entire length of said firechamber and said heating chamber, a plurality of tubes connecting thesteam and water drums, a header at the forward end of said heatingchamber communicating with the upper and lower drums, a header at therear end of the fire chamber communicating I with the upper and lowerdrums, arch tubes] placing the heating chamber header in communicationwith the fire chamber header, a transverse wall between the fire chamberand the heating chamber extending upward from the bottom of the same,and an arch supported at its front end by said wall and covering saidarch tubes within the fire chamber; means for introducing feed water tothe front header; and a fire tube barrel section in ad- Vance of theheating chamber for heating said feed water.

11. A locomotive comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamber forward ofthe fire chamber; a high pressure water tubular steam generator disposedin said chambers, having upper drums and lower drums disposed at theopposite sides of the said chambers, and tubes connecting said drums,said drums providing steam and water chambers, and of sufficient lengthto extend uninterruptedly throughout the entire length of the twochambers, said tubes beingarranged in rows extending from end to end ofsaid drums; means for introducing feed water to the steam generator; afire tube barrel section in advance of the heating chamber for heatingfeed water; and a drum'disposed above said barrel section for receivingsteam therefrom.

12. A locomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamberforward of the fire chamber; a high pressure water tubular steamgenerator disposed in said chambers, having upper drums and lower drumsdisposedat the oppositesides of the said chambers, and tubes connectingsaid drums, said drums providing steam and'water chambers, and ofsufficient length to extend unintersteam and water chambers, andextending substantially throughout the entire length of the twochambers, said tubesbeing arsteam generator disposed in said chambers,

having upper drums and lower drums disposed within said chambers, andtubes connecting said drums, said drums providing steam and waterchambers, and extending substantially throughout the entire length ofthe two chambers, said tubes being arranged in rows and extendingsubstantially throughout the length of said drums; an economizer inadvance of the heating chamber for heating feed water, the interior ofsaid steam generator being separated from the interior of said feedwater economizer wherby the contents of the generator are prevented frompassing into the economizer; and, means for torcing the feed water ofthe economizer into the generator.

ALPHONSE LIPETZ- ruptedly throughout the entire length of the twochambers, said tubes being arranged in rows extending from end to end ofsaid drums; a fire tube barrel section in advance of the heating chamberfor heating feed water, the interior of said steam generator beingseparated from the interior of said feed water barrel section wherebythe contents of the generator are prevented from passing into the barrelsection; and means for forcing the feed water of the barrel section intothe generator,

13. A locomotive boiler comprising a fire chamber; a heating chamberforward of the fire chamber; a high pressure water tubular steamgenerator disposed in said chambers, having upper drums and lower drumsdisposed within said chambers, and tubes connecting said drums, saiddrums providing

